Antimicrobial Drug Susceptibility of Methicillin Resistant and Methicillin Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus |
Methicillin 내성 및 감수성 황색포도알균의 항균제 감수성 |
서성일; 백원기; 서민호 |
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Abstract |
Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the leading causes of nosocomial
infections. MRSA is frequently multidrug-resistant and represent major causes of serious
bacterial infections in the hospital environment; and is a general public health problem widely
encountered in health care practices. A total of 156 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from
various clinical specimens in Daegu area were tested for antimicrobial drug susceptibility to 33
drugs including vancomycin; linezolid; teicoplanin; rifampin and chloramphenicol. Isolation
frequency of MRSA was 60.3% (94 strains) and was highly prevalent. MRSA were most
frequently isolated from sputum (38.3%); and followed by wound discharge (28.7%); catheter tip
(12.8%); blood (9.6%) and etc. All the MRSA isolates were susceptible to vancomycin; linezolid;
teicoplanin and chloramphenicol; and only 2.1% of MRSA were resistant to rifampin. The
resistance frequencies of doxycycline; sulfisoxazole and cotrimoxazole were 40.4 - 56.4%. The
resistance frequencies of tetracycline and clindamycin were 70.2 and 76.6%; respectively. Most
of MRSA were resistant to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides (80.9-100% resistant). MIC90
of vancomycin; teicoplanin; chloramphenicol and rifampin were 2-16 μg/mL; and those of
doxycycline and tetracycline were 32-64 μg/mL. MIC90 of the rest of the drugs were more than
128 μg/mL. All of the MRSA were resistant to more than 13 drugs. Fifty five (58.4%) strains
were resistant to more than 25 drugs; and 86 (91.4%) strains were resistant to more than 21 drugs. In contrast to the MRSA; most of methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) were
susceptible to oxacillin; cefoxitin; cefepime; imipenem; meropenem; vancomycin; linezolid;
teicoplanin; chloramphenicol; rifampin; doxycycline; cefazolin; cefaclor; cefotaxime; ceftazidime;
ceftizoxime and ceftriaxone. The resistance frequencies of tetracycline; sulfisoxazole and
cotrimoxazole were 37.1-54.8%. And the resistance frequencies of fluoroquinolones and
aminoglycosides to MSSA were high (71.0-80.6% resistant). In conclusion; this report provides
an information on effective drugs for MRSA infections. Continued surveillance activities of MRSA
prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns both in Korea and in an international setting are
essential. |
Key Words:
Antimicrobial susceptibility, Chloramphenicol, Linezolid, Methicillin resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Prevalence, Rifampin, Teicoplanin |
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